At present, our life cannot be imagined without television. With the development and progress of technologies, the television is also taking place in process of development. However, what do you know about the history of the TV?
TV Record Release of 1956. |
As it is known, the TV is the youngest amongst mass media. The TV began its initial functioning half a century ago in our country. The first attempts in transmitting an image from one point to another were executed in the middle of 19th century. However, television technology was not invented by one person and at one time. At the foundation of television is laying a discovery of the photoelectric effect in selenium made by Willoughby Smith in 1873.
The invention of the scanning disk by Paul Nipkow in 1884 acted as a spur to the development of mechanical television, which was popular until the 1930s. Based on Nipkow’s disk systems were practically realized only in 1925 by J. Baird in the UK, Charles Jenkins in the United States, A. Adamian and L.S Termen in the USSR.
The first patent for the electronic television used now was acquired by a professor of St. Petersburg Institute of Technology, Boris Rosing, who applied for a patent "The method of electric transmission of an image," in July 25, 1907. However, he was able to transmit only a motionless picture to a distance, in the test on May 9, 1911. In 1926 Kenjiro Takayanagi demonstrated an image of Japanese katakana characters using a cathode-ray tube first in the world.
The TV KVN 4а - Release of 1948. (View #1) |
The first moving image was transmitted to a distance on 26 July 1928 in Tashkent by inventors Boris Grabovsky and Ivan Beliansky. As the test was carried out at the Tashkent tram base, then it shows that this experiment might be considered Tashkent as the birth place of modern television. The first moving image which was transmitted from the tram base was received in the house #74 of Yusuf aka and Hamza opa Mirzamuhamedovs in Bola Masjid str, Tashkent.
The first-ever television receiver, which enabled Tashkent’s test, was called "telephot". The application for the telephot patent at the insistence of Professor Rosing was submitted by B. Grabowski, N. Piskunov and V. Popov, on November 9, 1925.
The first regular broadcasting of black and white television began in Germany in 1934, which had been conducted without sound since 1929. Furthermore, the regular television broadcasting started in Russia on March 10, 1939. In the second half of XX century, television had widespread. The United States began the world's first color television broadcasting in NTSC system on December 18, 1953.
The standard of TV broadcasting is accepted to call a package of lines numbers of frame expansion, frequency of frames and fields change and the scanning type as well. For several ten years there are three standards dominated: NTSC, SECAM, and PAL. These standards are used in the standard-definition television. They are being replaced now with a high definition television (HDTV).
The UN General Assembly in its resolution proposed to celebrate November 21 as the World Television Day to promote the exchange of television programs, primarily devoted to peace, security, development and enhancement of cultural exchanges.
The first radio broadcasting on the territory of Uzbekistan was organized in 1926 and the first TV broadcasting in 1956. In 1957 was formed the Committee of TV and Radio programs, in 1992 was founded the State TV and Radio Company of Uzbekistan and in 1996 transformed into TV and Radio Company of Uzbekistan («Uzteleradio»). As a result of reforms in the sphere of development and liberalization of the media in 2005, the broadcasting organization has been transformed into National TV and Radio Company of Uzbekistan (NTRC of Uzbekistan). NTRC of Uzbekistan is the largest broadcasting company in Uzbekistan and produces TV and radio programs, television films and assists at the media market along the full territory of Uzbekistan.
